Classification guide

What a label says—and what it does not.

Two separate classification systems prevent a strong finding on one question from smuggling in an unsupported conclusion on another.

Axis one

Evidence status of the conduct

Adjudicated
A court judgment, guilty plea, conviction, acquittal, dismissal, reversal, or final civil finding. The case narrative must still distinguish which particular claims received that treatment; one adjudicated count does not prove every allegation in a charging document.
Officially alleged or attributed
A public charge, complaint, sanction, or named government attribution that has not been finally adjudicated. The case narrative must still distinguish which particular claims received that treatment; one adjudicated count does not prove every allegation in a charging document.
Corroborated investigation
Multiple credible sources and supporting records, without a final adjudication or formal attribution. The case narrative must still distinguish which particular claims received that treatment; one adjudicated count does not prove every allegation in a charging document.
Disputed or developing
Material facts or procedural outcomes remain contested, incomplete, or actively changing. The case narrative must still distinguish which particular claims received that treatment; one adjudicated count does not prove every allegation in a charging document.
Lawful but strategically harmful
The transfer or learning was permitted or contractual, but the resulting competitive or strategic harm is documented. The case narrative must still distinguish which particular claims received that treatment; one adjudicated count does not prove every allegation in a charging document.

Axis two

PRC-state nexus

Court-established or admitted
A court finding, verdict-supported record, signed admission, or equivalent adjudicative record establishes that a PRC state, party, military, intelligence, or government entity directed, employed, or knowingly participated in the relevant conduct.
Officially attributed
A named government or competent authority publicly attributes the conduct to a PRC state-linked actor, but the nexus has not been finally adjudicated in the cited record.
Documented affiliation or support
Public evidence documents employment, funding, benefits, organizational affiliation, or support connected to a PRC state body. This label does not itself establish direction of the misconduct.
No state nexus established
The reviewed record establishes or alleges conduct by individuals or organizations but does not establish relevant PRC-state direction or support. This is not proof that no nexus existed.
Unknown / insufficient public evidence
Available public evidence is insufficient to assign one of the other labels responsibly.

Example

Convicted theft. No state nexus established.

The Sinovel case is adjudicated because a jury convicted the corporation. The cited record does not establish PRC-government direction, so the state-nexus label remains separate.

See the file →